<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY date "November 2007">
<!ENTITY version "0.9.3">
<!ENTITY application "Thunar">
]>
<article id="index" lang="ja">

  <!-- Header -->
  <articleinfo>
    <title>Thunar ファイルマネージャー</title>

    <pubdate>&date;</pubdate>

    <copyright>
      <year>2004</year>
      <year>2005</year>
      <year>2006</year>
      <year>2007</year>
      <holder>Benedikt Meurer</holder>
    </copyright><copyright><year>2006.</year><holder>Daichi Kawahata (daichi@xfce.org)</holder></copyright>

    <legalnotice id="legalnotice">
      <para>フリーソフトウェア財団が公表する GNU フリー文書利用許諾契約書の第1.1版、あるいはそれ以降のいずれかの版の条件下において、この文書の複製、配布および/または変更が許可されます。変更出来ない箇所、表紙文および裏表紙文があってはいけません。この利用許諾契約書の全文は<ulink type="http" url="http://www.gnu.org/">フリーソフトウェア財団</ulink>から取得する事ができます。</para>
    </legalnotice>

    <authorgroup>
      <author>
        <firstname>Benedikt</firstname>
        <surname>Meurer</surname>
        <affiliation>
          <address><email>benny@xfce.org</email></address>
          <orgname>os-cillation</orgname>
          <orgdiv>システム開発</orgdiv>
          <jobtitle>ソフトウェア開発者</jobtitle>
        </affiliation>
      </author>
    </authorgroup>

    <releaseinfo>この説明書は Thunar のバージョン 0.9.3 について書かれています。</releaseinfo>
  </articleinfo>

  <sect1 id="intro">
    <title>Thunar の紹介</title>

    <para>Thunar は Xfce デスクトップ環境のために、素早く手軽に使えるようゼロから設計されている今風のファイルマネージャーです。ユーザーインターフェイスは簡潔かつ直観的です。紛らわしい、無駄なオプションは標準では一切組み込まれていません。起動時間も短く、フォルダの読み込みに対する感度も上々です。</para>

    <para>その結果としてではありますが、ファイルマネージャー Thunar はあなたのファイルやアプリケーションのための統合された一つのアクセス拠点を提供します。このファイルマネージャーを使って以下を行えます:</para>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>フォルダおよび文書の作成。</listitem>
      <listitem>ファイルおよびフォルダの表示。</listitem>
      <listitem>ファイルおよびフォルダの管理。</listitem>
      <listitem>個別に設定したアクションの実行および管理。</listitem>
      <listitem>持ち運び可能なメディアへのアクセス。</listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
  </sect1>


  <sect1 id="the-file-manager-window">
    <title>The File Manager Window</title>

    <para>
      By default the file manager window consists of a shortcut pane on the left side, the main area on the right
      and a pathbar above the main area.
    </para>

    <screenshot>
      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="images/file-manager-window.png" format="PNG"/>
        </imageobject>

        <textobject>
          <phrase>File Manager Window</phrase>
        </textobject>
      </mediaobject>
    </screenshot>

    <para>
      The <guilabel>Shortcut Pane</guilabel> provides shortcuts to different folders on your system. The first
      shortcut will lead to your <emphasis>Home Folder</emphasis>, the folder you store all your personal data,
      and will therefore have the name of the current user. The second shortcut will take you to the trash bin,
      which stores deleted files that can be recovered later. The third shortcut takes you to the <emphasis>Desktop
      Folder</emphasis>, which contains the files and folders that are displayed on the desktop. The fourth
      shortcut will take you to the root of your file system - you may want to explore it a bit, even though
      it may be confusing to you if you are new to Linux/Unix. Just click on the different folders and see what is
      inside.
    </para>

    <para>
      Below the <emphasis>File System</emphasis> shortcut, the removable drives and media will be displayed. In
      the screenshot above, you can see a <guilabel>Floppy Drive</guilabel> shortcut. Click on these shortcuts
      to access the data stored on the removable drives and media. See <xref linkend="using-removable-media"/>
      for further details.
    </para>

    <para>
      The remaining shortcuts are user defined. Add your own shortcuts by simply dragging folders to the
      <guilabel>Shortcuts Pane</guilabel>. This will allow you to access important folders instantly. To
      remove a previously added shortcut, right-click on the shortcut and choose <guimenuitem>Remove Shortcut</guimenuitem>.
      To rename a previously added shortcut, right-click on the shortcut and choose <guimenuitem>Rename Shortcut</guimenuitem>.
      Note that these actions affect only the shortcut, not the folder referenced by the shortcuts.
    </para>

    <para>
      The <emphasis>main area</emphasis> will always display the contents of the current folder. Double click on
      folders to enter them, and right-click on files or folders to get a context-menu offering some choices of
      what to do with it. Select multiple files by dragging a rectangle over them with the mouse. Alternatively,
      select one file, hold down the <keycap>Shift</keycap> key, and increase or decrease the selection using
      the arrow keys.
    </para>

    <para>
      The <emphasis>pathbar</emphasis> will always show the path you took to get to the folder you are currently
      at. You can click on any pathbar button to change to the folder it represents. Right-click on a pathbar
      button to bring up a context-menu with some options.
    </para>


    <sect2 id="customizing-the-appearance">
      <title>Customizing the Appearance</title>

      <para>
        There are many ways to customize the appearance of the file manager windows. In case you do not like the
        way the icons are displayed, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>View as Detailed List</guimenuitem></menuchoice>
        from the main menu to have the contents of the current folder displayed as a list.
      </para>

      <para>
        You can have the file manager windows display a location bar instead of the pathbar by choosing
        <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Location Selector</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Toolbar Style</guimenuitem></menuchoice>
        from the main menu.
      </para>

      <para>
        In case you prefer a treeview in the left pane, choose
        <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Side Pane</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Tree</guimenuitem></menuchoice>
        from the main menu.
      </para>

      <sect3 id="visible-columns-in-the-detailed-list-view">
        <title>Visible Columns in the Detailed List View</title>

        <para>
          If you prefer to display the contents of the folder as a list, using the <guilabel>Detailed List View</guilabel>, you can
          customize the columns displayed in the list view. To customize the visible columns, choose
          <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Configure Columns...</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the main menu.
        </para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/visible-columns.png" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>

            <textobject>
              <phrase>Visible Columns</phrase>
            </textobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <variablelist>
          <varlistentry>
            <term><guilabel>Visible Columns</guilabel></term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                Select the columns you want to be displayed from the list of available columns. Click <guibutton>Move Up</guibutton>
                or <guibutton>Move Down</guibutton> to change the order of the columns. Click <guibutton>Use Default</guibutton> to
                revert your changes.
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>

          <varlistentry>
            <term><guilabel>Column Sizing</guilabel></term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                Select the option <guibutton>Automatically expand columns as needed</guibutton> if you want the list view columns
                to expand automatically if the needed to ensure the text is fully visible.
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
        </variablelist>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>


  <sect1 id="working-with-files-and-folders">
    <title>Working with Files and Folders</title>


    <sect2 id="opening-files">
      <title>Opening Files</title>

      <para>
        When you open a file, the file manager performs the default action for that file type. For example, opening a text file
        will display it in the default text editor, while opening an image file will display the image in the default image
        viewer.
      </para>

      <para>
        The file manager checks the extension of a file to determine the type of a file. If the file has no known extension, the
        file manager examines the contents of the file.
      </para>

      <sect3 id="executing-the-default-action">
        <title>Executing the Default Action</title>

        <para>
          To execute the default for a file, double-click on the file. For example, the default action for audio files is to
          play the it with the default music playing application. In this case, you can double-click on the file to open the
          file in the music player.
        </para>

        <para>
          You can set <application>Thunar</application> preferences so that you click once on a file to execute the default
          action. For information, see <xref linkend="preferences-behavior"/>.
        </para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="executing-non-default-actions">
        <title>Executing Non-Default Actions</title>

        <para>
          To execute actions other than the default action for a file, select the file that you want to perform an action on.
          Choose the desired action from the <emphasis>Open With</emphasis> choices available in <guimenu>File</guimenu> menu
          or an <guimenu>Open With</guimenu> submenu.
        </para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="adding-actions">
        <title>Adding Actions</title>

        <para>
          To add actions associated with a file type, perform the following steps:
        </para>

        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              In the main area, select a file of the type to which you want to add an action.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Open With Other Application...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>
              from the main menu.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Either choose an application in the <guilabel>Open With</guilabel> dialog or select <guibutton>Use a custom command</guibutton>
              and browse to the program with which you wish to open this type.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>

        <para>
          The action you have chosen is now added to the list of actions for that particular file type. If you enabled the
          <guibutton>Use as default for this kind of file</guibutton> option or there was no prior action associated with the
          type, the newly added action is the default.
        </para>

        <para>
          You may also add actions using the <guibutton>Open With</guibutton> button under
          <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
        </para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="modifiying-actions">
        <title>Modifying Actions</title>

        <para>
          To modify the actions associated with a file or file type, perform the following steps:
        </para>

        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              In the main area, select a file of the type for which you want to modify the action.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties...</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the main menu.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Select the new default action using the <guilabel>Open With</guilabel> button or add a new action by choosing
              <guimenuitem>Open With Other Application...</guimenuitem> from the drop down menu.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>

        <para>
          To remove a previously added action for a file type, bring up the <guilabel>Open With</guilabel> dialog as described
          above, right-click the action you want to remove and choose <guimenuitem>Remove Launcher</guimenuitem>.
        </para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>


    <sect2 id="file-properties">
      <title>File Properties</title>

      <para>
        The file properties window shows more information about any file or folder in the file manager. With this window, you can also
        do the following:
      </para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Change the icon for special files, such as application launchers and URL links.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Add or remove emblems for a file or folder.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Change the UNIX file permissions for a file or folder.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Choose which application is used to open a file and other files of the same type.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/file-properties.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>

          <textobject>
            <phrase>File Properties</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>
        To open the file properties window, perform the following steps:
      </para>

      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Select the file or folder whose properties you want to examine or change. You cannot
            select multiple items at once and display the properties that are in common to all
            items currently.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Do one of the following:
            <itemizedlist>
              <listitem>
                <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties...</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the main menu.</para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para>Right-click the selected item and choose <guimenuitem>Properties...</guimenuitem> from the context menu.</para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para>Press <keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Return</keycap></keycombo>.</para>
              </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>


  <sect1 id="using-removable-media">
    <title>Using Removable Media</title>

    <sect2 id="accessing-removable-media">
      <title>Accessing Removable Media</title>

      <para>
        Thunar supports removable media if it was built with support for <ulink type="http" url="http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software_2fhal">HAL</ulink>,
        or if you are using <ulink type="http" url="http://www.freebsd.org/">FreeBSD</ulink>. Note however that on FreeBSD 6.0 or newer, it is
        suggested to use HAL rather than the native support provided by Thunar.
      </para>

      <sect3 id="to-mount-media">
        <title>To Mount Media</title>

        <para>
          To <emphasis>mount</emphasis> media is to make the file system of the media available for access. When you mount media, the
          file system of the media is attached as a subdirectory to your file system.
        </para>

        <para>
          To access media, insert the media in the appropriate device, or connect the new device to your computer (i.e. connect an USB
          stick to one of your USB ports). An object that represents the media is added to the side pane of the file manager. If
          <application>xfdesktop</application> is running and configured to display <guilabel>File/launcher icons</guilabel> this
          object will also be added to your desktop.
        </para>

        <para>
          To actually mount the media, click on the object that represents the media. For example, to mount a floppy diskette,
          click on the <guilabel>Floppy Drive</guilabel> object in the side pane. The file manager will now add the file system
          of the media to your file system hierarchy and display the contents of the floppy diskette in the main area.
        </para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="to-eject-media">
        <title>To Eject Media</title>

        <para>
          If the drive for the media is a motorized drive (i.e. a CD-ROM drive), right-click on the media object in the side pane
          or on the desktop and choose <guilabel>Eject Volume</guilabel>. The media is ejected from the drive after a few seconds.
          If the drive for the media is not motorized (i.e. a floppy drive or an USB stick), right-click on the media object and
          choose <guilabel>Unmount Volume</guilabel>. After a short period of time, a notification will appear to inform you
          that it is now safe to remove the media or disconnect the drive from the computer.
        </para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/removable-media-unmount.png" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>

            <textobject>
              <phrase>Unmount notification</phrase>
            </textobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>
          However this notification will only be displayed if support for <application>libnotify</application> is enabled,
          and you have installed a notification daemon. A notification daemon for Xfce is available from the <ulink type="http" url="http://goodies.xfce.org/projects/applications/notification-daemon-xfce">Xfce Goodies Project</ulink>.
          If notification support is not available, wait until the context menu disappears before you remove the media or disconnect
          the drive.
        </para>

        <para>
          Be aware that you cannot eject or unmount media that is still in use by one or more applications. Therefore if the file
          manager refuses to eject media, make sure you close all applications that were accessing the media, and be sure to also
          check command line applications running in <application>Terminal</application> windows.
        </para>

        <para>
          Make sure to unmount removable media before ejecting. Do not eject a diskette from the floppy drive before your unmount
          the diskette. Do not remove an USB stick before you unmount the flash drive. If you do not unmount the media first you
          might lose data or cause your system to crash.
        </para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="management-of-removable-drives-and-media">
      <title>Management of Removable Drives and Media</title>

      <para>
        Thunar is also able to automatically manage removable drives and media if the <ulink type="http" url="http://www.foo-projects.org/~benny/projects/thunar-volman/index.html">thunar-volman</ulink> package is installed on
        your system.  Note however that this feature requires HAL support.
      </para>

      <para>
        Now, if HAL support is available and <application>thunar-volman</application> is installed on your system, you
        can choose to enable the <guilabel>Volume Management</guilabel> feature of Thunar. Therefore, open the file
        manager preferences, go to the <guilabel>Advanced</guilabel> page and check the <guilabel>Enable Volume
        Management</guilabel> button.
      </para>

      <para>
        The next step is to customize the management of removable drives and media to your needs. Click on the
        <guilabel>Configure</guilabel> link in the <guilabel>Volume Management</guilabel> section, right below
        the button. The <guilabel>Removable Drives and Media</guilabel> configuration dialog will be displayed.
      </para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/removable-drives-and-media.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>

          <textobject>
            <phrase>Removable Drives and Media</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>
        If you have used the <application>gnome-volume-manager</application> previously, you should feel right at
        home, because it was designed to look and behave similar to <application>gnome-volume-manager</application>.
        The preferences are divided by device categories to make it easy to locate the option for you specific
        device.
      </para>

      <para>
        The <guilabel>Storage</guilabel> page contains the most important options. As the name suggests these
        options apply only to storage devices like external harddisk drives, USB sticks and CD-ROMs. The
        <guilabel>Removable Storage</guilabel> options are described in detail below.
      </para>

      <variablelist>
        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>Mount removable drives when hot-plugged</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Enable this option to automatically mount file systems on removable drives (i.e. external harddisk drives
              or USB sticks) when such drives are plugged into the computer.
            </para>
            <para>
              This option must be enabled for certain other features to work with removable drives. For example,
              if you disable this option, certain kinds of portable music players cannot be detected any more and
              so, even if you enabled the <guilabel>Play music files when connected</guilabel> option on the
              <guilabel>Multimedia</guilabel> page, the specified command will not be run when you hot-plug your
              portable music player.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>Mount removable media when inserted</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Enable this option to automatically mount file systems on removable media (i.e. CD-ROMs or DVDs)
              when you insert the media into the drive.
            </para>
            <para>
              This option must be enabled for certain other features to work with removable media. For example,
              if you disable this option, it is impossible to detect whether the removable media has auto-run
              capabilities, and so the <guilabel>Auto-run programs on new drives and media</guilabel> option
              has no effect for removable media.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>Browse removable media when inserted</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Enable this option to automatically display the content of newly inserted media in the file manager.
              Note however, that the contents will only be displayed if no other action was possible or you
              choose to ignore the other possible actions. For example, if you insert a CD-ROM with auto-run
              capabilities and the <guilabel>Auto-run programs on new drives and media</guilabel> option is
              enabled, you will be prompted whether you want to allow or ignore the auto-run. If you choose
              to ignore the auto-run the contents will be displayed in the file manager.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>Auto-run programs on new drives and media</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Enable this option to make use of auto-run capabilities of certain removable drives and media. See
              the <ulink type="http" url="http://standards.freedesktop.org/autostart-spec/autostart-spec-0.5.html">Desktop
              Application Autostart Specification</ulink> for details about the auto-run mechanism. To enhance security,
              you will always be prompted to confirm the auto-run.
            </para>
            <para>
              If the Windows emulator <ulink type="http" url="http://www.winehq.org/">WINE</ulink> is installed on your
              system, the auto-run mechanism will also try to run <filename>autorun.exe</filename> files using WINE.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>Auto-open files on new drives and media</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Enable this option to make of auto-open capabilities of certain removable drives and media. See
              the <ulink type="http" url="http://standards.freedesktop.org/autostart-spec/autostart-spec-0.5.html">Desktop
              Application Autostart Specification</ulink> for details about the auto-open mechanism. To enhance security,
              you will always be prompted to confirm the auto-open.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist>

      <para>
        The remaining options allow you to specify a command to run when a certain kind of media is inserted into a drive
        or a certain kind of external device is connected. The command can use three special variables, that will be
        substituted when the command is run:
      </para>

      <variablelist>
        <varlistentry>
          <term><literal>%d</literal></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Each appearance of <literal>%d</literal> in the command will be substituted with the device file path of
              the newly added device. For example, if you have plugged in an USB stick, the device file path will be
              <filename>/dev/da0s1</filename> or <filename>/dev/sda1</filename>.
            </para>
            <para>
              If no device file is associated with the device or the device file could not be found for some reason,
              the variable <literal>%d</literal> will be substituted with the empty string.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term><literal>%h</literal></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Each appearance of <literal>%h</literal> in the command will be substituted with the HAL UDI of the newly
              added device.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term><literal>%m</literal></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Each appearance of <literal>%m</literal> in the command will be substituted with the mount point where
              the newly added device was mounted. If the device cannot be mounted (for example printers or keyboards)
              or if the automatic mounting was disabled, <literal>%m</literal> will be substituted with the empty
              string.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist>

      <sect3 id="troubleshooting-the-volume-manager">
        <title>Troubleshooting the Volume Manager</title>

        <para>
          Useful tips to trouble shoot the volume manager in case it does not work as expected.
        </para>

        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Make sure <application>Thunar</application> is running as daemon. The volume manager depends
              on this, as it is not a daemon by itself. By default, Xfce
              automatically spawns <application>Thunar</application> as daemon on startup. If it got killed
              for some reason, open the <guilabel>Run program</guilabel> (using the keyboard shortcut
              <keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo> or right-click on the desktop
              and choose <guilabel>Run Program...</guilabel> from the desktop menu), enter <literal>Thunar
              --daemon</literal> and click <guibutton>Run</guibutton>.
            </para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>
              Try running <application>thunar-volman</application> from a <application>Terminal</application>
              window after hot-plugging the drive or inserting the media. First, you need to figure out the
              HAL UDI of the new device using <application>lshal</application> or <application>hal-device</application>.
              Once you know the UDI, run <literal>thunar-volman --device-added &lt;udi-of-your-device&gt;</literal> in
              a <application>Terminal</application> window and watch the output for errors or warnings.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>

        <para>
          If it still refuses to work, ask on the <ulink type="http" url="http://forum.xfce.org/">Xfce Forum</ulink> or
          the <ulink type="http" url="http://foo-projects.org/mailman/listinfo/thunar-dev">thunar-dev mailing list</ulink>
          for help.
        </para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>


  <sect1 id="preferences">
    <title>File Management Preferences</title>

    <para>
      Use the <guilabel>File Manager Preferences</guilabel> dialog to set your <application>Thunar</application> file manager
      preferences. To open the preferences dialog, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>
      from the menu bar, or click on the <guibutton>File Manager</guibutton> button in the Xfce Settings Manager.
    </para>

    <para>
      The <guilabel>File Manager Preferences</guilabel> dialog is divided into four pages with different options, each described in
      a separate section below. Basically you can set preferences in the following categories:
    </para>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem><para>The default settings for the views.</para></listitem>
      <listitem><para>The default settings for the side pane.</para></listitem>
      <listitem><para>The behavior of the file manager windows.</para></listitem>
      <listitem><para>Advanced features of the file manager.</para></listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para>
      Thunar also supports a bunch of so-called <emphasis>Hidden Options</emphasis>, which control several advanced features of the
      file manager, but are not included in the preferences in order to keep the preferences dialog simple. The <ulink type="http" url="http://svn.xfce.org/svn/xfce/thunar/trunk/docs/README.thunarrc"><filename>README.thunarrc</filename></ulink> file that
      is included with the Thunar distribution describes all available options in detail.
    </para>


    <sect2 id="preferences-views">
      <title>Views Preferences</title>

      <para>
        You can specify a default view, select sort options and display options. You can
        also specify whether thumbnails should be displayed for file types that support
        this.
      </para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/preferences-views.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>

          <textobject>
            <phrase>Views Preferences</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <variablelist>
        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>View new folder using</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Select the default view for folders. When you open a new window, the is displayed
              in the view that you select. This can be either the icon view, the compact list view
              or the detailed list view. You can also select <guilabel>Last Active View</guilabel>
              here to use the view you used for the last active window.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>Sort folders before files</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Select this option to list folders before files when you sort a folder.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>Show thumbnails</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Select this option to show thumbnails of image files and other supported files. The
              file manager stores the thumbnail files for each folder in the hidden <filename role="directory">.thumbnails</filename> directory in the user's Home Folder.
            </para>
            <para>
              See <xref linkend="thumbnailers"/> if you want to extend the basic
              thumbnail functionality provided by <application>Thunar</application> with support
              for additional file types.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>Text beside icons</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Select this options to place the icon captions for items in the icon view beside the
              icon rather than under the icon.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist>
    </sect2>


    <sect2 id="preferences-side-pane">
      <title>Side Pane Preferences</title>

      <para>
        You can select display options for the shortcuts pane and the tree pane.
      </para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/preferences-side-pane.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>

          <textobject>
            <phrase>Side Pane Preferences</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>
        The side pane can either display a list of shortcuts for folders in your file system, which
        is the default, or a tree view of your file system. This page allows you to select the size
        of the icons for the shortcuts and the tree pane. You can also specify whether emblems should
        be displayed.
      </para>

      <variablelist>
        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>Icon Size</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              The size of the icons displayed in the side, ranging from <guilabel>Very Small</guilabel> (around
              16x16 pixels) to <guilabel>Very Large</guilabel> (around 128x128 pixels).
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>Show Icon Emblems</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Select this option to display emblems for folders in the side pane. You can assign emblems to
              folders in the <guilabel>Properties</guilabel> dialog. Select a folder in the main area and
              choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>
              from the main menu, or right-click the folder and select <menuchoice><guimenuitem>Properties...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>
              from the context menu.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist>
    </sect2>


    <sect2 id="preferences-behavior">
      <title>Behavior Preferences</title>

      <para>
        You can select the preferred behavior to interact with the file manager.
      </para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/preferences-behavior.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>

          <textobject>
            <phrase>Behavior Preferences</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <variablelist>
        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>Single click to active items</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Select this option to perform the default action for an item when you
              click on the item. When this option is selected, and you point to an
              item, the title of the item is underlined and the item will be
              selected automatically after a short delay.
            </para>
            <para>
              This delay can be configured below the option. You can also disable the
              automatic selection of items by moving the selector to the left-most
              position.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>Double click to activate items</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Select this option to perform the default action for an item when you
              double click on the item, and select the item with a single click.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist>
    </sect2>


    <sect2 id="preferences-advanced">
      <title>Advanced Preferences</title>

      <para>
        You can control advanced features of the file manager.
      </para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/preferences-advanced.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>

          <textobject>
            <phrase>Advanced Preferences</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <variablelist>
        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>Folder Permissions</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Choose the action that should be performed when you change the permissions of a folder in
              the <guilabel>Properties</guilabel> dialog. You can choose to let <application>Thunar</application>
              ask everytime when you change folder permissions, tell it to default to applying the new permissions
              to the folder only or to apply them recursively to the folder contents as well.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term><guilabel>Volume Management</guilabel></term>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              If <application>Thunar</application> was installed with support for HAL and the <application>thunar-volman</application>
              package is also installed, you can enable the integrated volume manager. See <xref linkend="management-of-removable-drives-and-media"/>
              for details about this feature.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>


  <sect1 id="customizing-thunar">
    <title>Customizing Thunar</title>

    <para>
      This chapter describes how to customize certain parts of the file manager to your own needs.
    </para>


    <sect2 id="sendto">
      <title>The "Send To" Menu</title>

      <para>
        Thunar includes a <guilabel>Send To</guilabel> menu, which provides possible targets where files and folders can
        be sent to. To access the <guilabel>Send To</guilabel> menu, choose
        <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Send To</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the main menu, or right-click
        on a file or folder and choose <menuchoice><guimenuitem>Send To</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
      </para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/sendto-menu.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>

          <textobject>
            <phrase>"Send To" Menu</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>
        By default, the <guilabel>Send To</guilabel> menu includes an entry named <guilabel>Desktop (Create Link)</guilabel> for all
        files and folders, which simply creates a link on the desktop for each selected file. In addition, if the <guilabel>Shortcuts
        Pane</guilabel> is active, the menu also includes an entry called <guilabel>Side Pane (Create Shortcut)</guilabel> for folders,
        which allows users to add new shortcuts to the side pane. Following these entries, <application>Thunar</application> lists
        the removable drives currently plugged into the computer. In the screenshot above, the <guilabel>Floppy Drive</guilabel>
        represents a possible target where files can be sent to. Note that the device is mounted automatically once selected from
        the <guilabel>Send To</guilabel> menu, so you do not need to manually mount it.
      </para>

      <para>
        In addition <application>Thunar</application> also ships the <application>thunar-sendto-email</application> plugin, which adds
        the entry <guilabel>Mail Recipient</guilabel> to the menu, that opens the mail composer with the selected files attach to the
        new email. If the selection contains atleast one folder, the selected items are added to a ZIP archive before attaching them
        to the email. Otherwise, if the selection contains multiple files, or a single file, which is larger than 200Kib, the user will
        be prompted whether to pack the files into a ZIP archive, and send the ZIP archive.
      </para>

      <para>
        Like most other features of <application>Thunar</application>, the <guilabel>Send to</guilabel> menu can be easily extended
        by users and application developers with new targets, using standard <ulink type="http" url="http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Standards_2fdesktop_2dentry_2dspec">desktop entry files</ulink>. These files must be
        installed into one of the <filename role="directory">$XDG_DATA_DIRS/Thunar/sendto/</filename> folders (see the <ulink type="http" url="http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Standards_2fbasedir_2dspec">XDG Base Directory Specification</ulink> for details about the
        <literal>$XDG_DATA_DIRS</literal> variable).
      </para>

      <para>
        The <literal>MimeType</literal> of the target <filename>.desktop</filename> specifies the types of files for which this action
        should be available in the <guilabel>Send To</guilabel> menu. For example, say you want to add entry for a <ulink type="http" url="http://flickr.com/">Flickr</ulink> uploader tool, then this entry should only show up if the selection contains JPEG
        files (other file formats are not supported by Flickr) and so you should add a line <literal>MimeType=image/jpeg;</literal>.
        If you do not specify any <literal>MimeType</literal> your entry will show up for all file types.
      </para>

      <para>
        A complete example using the <application>postr</application> application is shown below:
      </para>

<programlisting>
# postr.desktop - Integrate postr into
#                 the "Send To" menu.
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Version=1.0
Encoding=UTF-8
TryExec=postr
Exec=postr %F
Icon=postr
Name=Flickr
MimeType=image/jpeg;</programlisting>

      <para>
        If you install this file to <filename role="directory">~/.local/share/Thunar/sendto/</filename> (create the folder if
        it does not exist yet), the <guilabel>Send To</guilabel> menu for JPEG files will show the new entry <guilabel>Flickr</guilabel>,
        which can be used to upload JPEG images to Flickr.
      </para>

      <para>
        The <ulink type="http" url="http://thunar.xfce.org/pwiki/documentation/sendto_menu">Thunar Project Wiki</ulink> contains
        additional examples of useful targets for the <guilabel>Send To</guilabel> menu. Feel free to extend the Wiki page with
        new examples.
      </para>
    </sect2>


    <sect2 id="thumbnailers">
      <title>Thumbnailers</title>

      <para>
        Thunar uses small utilities to create thumbnails of certain file types and displays the thumbnails as preview of the
        file content. These small tools are called thumbnailers. Thunar ships with thumbnailers for image and font files, and
        makes use of the installed thumbnailers from GNOME automatically if it was installed with support for <literal>gconf</literal>.
        Users may however dynamically extend this basic functionality with thumbnailers for additional file types.
      </para>

      <para>
        If you plan to write a custom thumbnailers, you need to start with a program that accepts atleast two command line parameters,
        the input file, which is of the file type you plan to support and the output file, which is a PNG file that complies with the
        format specified by the <ulink type="http" url="http://jens.triq.net/thumbnail-spec/creation.html#AEN139">Thumbnail Management
        Standard</ulink>. Additionally your program may also accept the desired size of the thumbnail, which is optional but highly
        recommended. If you write the output file at an arbitrary image size, Thunar will afterwards scale it to the desired size,
        which might produce a less optimal result than generating the thumbnail with the requested dimensions.
      </para>

      <para>
        Once your utility to generate the thumbnails is done, you will need to register your thumbnailer, so Thunar is able to locate
        and use it. Therefore all you need to do is to install a description file for the thumbnailer (a <filename>.desktop</filename> file)
        in one of the <filename role="directory">$XDG_DATA_DIRS/thumbnailers/</filename> paths. For example, if you want to register the
        thumbnailer for your user account only, you can install the file into the folder <filename role="directory">~/.local/share/thumbnailers/</filename>. The <filename>.desktop</filename> for thumbnailers has the following format.
      </para>

      <sect3 id="thumbnailer-desktop-file-format">
        <title>Thumbnailer Description File Format</title>

        <para>
          Thumbnailer description files utilize the <ulink type="http" url="http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/">Desktop
          Entry Format</ulink> with a special <literal>Type</literal> of <literal>X-Thumbnailer</literal> and special field
          <literal>X-Thumbnailer-Exec</literal> with new field codes. Basically, a thumbnailer description file has the following format.
        </para>

        <programlisting>
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Encoding=UTF-8
Type=X-Thumbnailer
Name=Your Thumbnailer
MimeType=your-supported/mime-type;
X-Thumbnailer-Exec=your-thumbnailer %i %o %s</programlisting>

        <para>
          The <literal>Version</literal> and <literal>Encoding</literal> are mandated by the Desktop Entry Specification, just use the values shown
          in the example above. The <literal>Type</literal> field must have the special value <literal>X-Thumbnailer</literal>, otherwise your
          thumbnailer will not be recognized. The <literal>Name</literal> value describes your thumbnailer.
        </para>

        <para>
          The <literal>X-Thumbnailer-Exec</literal> field contains the command to run your thumbnailer, and supports certain field codes that will
          be substituted when the thumbnailer is run. Recognized field codes are as follows:
        </para>

        <variablelist>
          <varlistentry>
            <term><varname>%i</varname></term>
            <listitem>
              The local path to the input file for which to create a thumbnail. May be either a path relative to the directory from which the
              thumbnailer was invoked or an absolute path.
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>

          <varlistentry>
            <term><varname>%o</varname></term>
            <listitem>
              The local path to the output file where to store the generated thumbnail. The output file must be written as valid PNG file according
              to the thumbnail standard (see above). Note that the path may not end with <literal>.png</literal>, which matters if you invoke certain
              third party tools.
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>

          <varlistentry>
            <term><varname>%s</varname></term>
            <listitem>
              The desired size of the generated thumbnail in pixels. This parameter is optional.
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>

          <varlistentry>
            <term><varname>%u</varname></term>
            <listitem>
              Similar to <literal>%i</literal>, but substituted with the URI of the file, rather than the path. This was added for compatibility with
              GNOME.
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>

          <varlistentry>
            <term><varname>%%</varname></term>
            <listitem>
              Will be substituted with a single <literal>%</literal>.
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
        </variablelist>

        <para>
          You need to include atleast <literal>%o</literal> and <literal>%i</literal> or <literal>%u</literal>, otherwise your thumbnailer will
          be useless.
        </para>

        <para>
          The <literal>MimeType</literal> lists the MIME types - separated by semicolon - for which your thumbnailer is able to create previews.
        </para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="eps-thumbnailer-example">
        <title>Example EPS Thumbnailer</title>

        <para>
          This example demonstrates how to write and install a new thumbnailer for <filename>.eps</filename> files, which uses the
          <command>convert</command> utility that ships as part of ImageMagick. First, we start with a simple script that invokes
          <command>convert</command> to generate a thumbnail at the requested size.
        </para>

        <programlisting>
#!/bin/sh
#
# eps-thumbnailer - Example thumbnailer script for EPS files.
#
# Usage: esp-thumbnailer eps-file png-file size
#

# command line parameters
ifile=$1
ofile=$2
size=$3

# invoke convert (ImageMagick)
exec convert "eps:$ifile" -scale "$sizex$size" "png:$ofile"</programlisting>

        <para>
          Save this script above to a file <filename>eps-thumbnailer</filename>, make sure the file is executable and install it
          to <filename role="directory">/usr/local/bin</filename>.
        </para>

        <screen>
$ chmod +x eps-thumbnailer
$ sudo install eps-thumbnailer /usr/local/bin/eps-thumbnailer</screen>

        <para>
          Next we need to create the thumbnail description file <filename>eps-thumbnailer.desktop</filename>, which looks like this:
        </para>

        <programlisting>
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Encoding=UTF-8
Type=X-Thumbnailer
Name=EPS Thumbnailer
TryExec=convert
MimeType=image/x-eps;
X-Thumbnailer-Exec=/usr/local/bin/eps-thumbnailer %i %o %s</programlisting>

        <para>
          This file must be installed to <filename role="directory">/usr/local/share/thumbnailers</filename> (create the folder if
          it does not exists).
        </para>

        <screen>
$ sudo install -d /usr/local/share/thumbnailers
$ sudo install eps-thumbnailer.desktop /usr/local/share/thumbnailers/eps-thumbnailer.desktop</screen>

        <para>
          The <filename>eps-thumbnailer.desktop</filename> file uses the special key <literal>TryExec</literal>, which, if specified,
          names a command that must be present on the system for the thumbnailer to be useful. In this case, our script is useless if
          the <command>convert</command> utility is not present.
        </para>

        <para>
          The last step is to regenerate the thumbnailer cache, so Thunar will pick up our thumbnailer. The thumbnailer cache is located
          at <filename>$XDG_CACHE_HOME/Thunar/thumbnailers.cache</filename> (unless overridden by your or your system administrator, the
          <varname>$XDG_CACHE_HOME</varname> points to the folder <filename role="directory">~/.cache/</filename>). The thumbnailers
          cache is regenerated periodically by Thunar, but you can force to regenerate it by invoking the
          <filename>thunar-vfs-update-thumbnailers-cache-1</filename> utility, that ships as part of Thunar. This utility is usually installed
          in the <filename role="directory">libexec</filename> subfolder of your installation prefix (<filename role="directory">sbin</filename>
          on Debian/Ubuntu). So for example, if Thunar is installed in <filename role="directory">/usr</filename>, invoke the utility as
          follows:
        </para>

        <screen>$ /usr/libexec/thunar-vfs-update-thumbnailers-cache-1</screen>

        <para>
          But make sure you run the program from your user account, not the superuser account, since the thumbnailers cache is stored in
          your home folder, rather than a system wide location.
        </para>

        <para>
          Now, if Thunar is compiled with support for file alteration monitoring (using the FAM or Gamin services), it will automatically
          pick up the new thumbnailers cache within a few seconds and afterwards be able to generate thumbnails using your custom
          thumbnailers. Otherwise you might need to completely restart Thunar to apply the changes, using
        </para>

        <screen>$ Thunar -q</screen>

        <para>
          to terminate any running instance, and afterwards restart it from your launcher.
        </para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="cleaning-up-thumbnails">
        <title>Cleaning up Thumbnails</title>

        <para>
          The generated thumbnails are stored in the folder <filename role="directory">~/.thumbnails/</filename> complying with the <ulink type="http" url="http://jens.triq.net/thumbnail-spec/index.html">Thumbnail Management Standard</ulink>. While testing a new
          thumbnailer, it might help to clean up the thumbnail cache using
        </para>

        <screen>$ rm -rf ~/.thumbnails/</screen>

        <para>
          which will also give you some free space in your home folder. Since all the information stored within this folder was automatically
          generated from files in your file system, you will not loose any sensitive data.
        </para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>


  <sect1 id="advanced-topics">
    <title>高度な話題</title>


    <sect2 id="to-bulk-rename-files">
      <title>To Bulk Rename Files</title>

      <para>
        To <emphasis>bulk rename</emphasis> files means to rename multiple files at once using some criterion, that applies to atleast
        one of the files. <application>Thunar</application> includes a bulk renamer, which can be run separately using the command
        <command>Thunar -B</command> or from within <application>Thunar</application> by selecting two or more files in the main area
        and pressing <keycombo><keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo> or choosing
        <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Rename...</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the main menu.
      </para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/bulk-rename.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>

          <textobject>
            <phrase>Bulk Rename Files</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>
        The <emphasis>Bulk Renamers</emphasis> can be applied to the name of the files, the suffix of the files or both to the
        name and the suffix of the files. <application>Thunar</application> currently supports the following <emphasis>Bulk
        Renamers</emphasis>:
      </para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem><para>Remove characters.</para></listitem>
        <listitem><para>Numbering files.</para></listitem>
        <listitem><para>Insert Date or Time.</para></listitem>
        <listitem><para>Insert or overwrite characters.</para></listitem>
        <listitem><para>Search and replace characters.</para></listitem>
        <listitem><para>Convert to uppercase, lowercase or camlcase.</para></listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <para>
        Additional <emphasis>Bulk Renamers</emphasis> may be installed as plugins for <application>Thunar</application>. Check
        the <ulink type="http" url="http://thunar.xfce.org/plugins.html">Thunar Plugins</ulink> website for currently available
        extensions. The <ulink type="http" url="http://thunar.xfce.org/pwiki/documentation/bulk_renamer">Thunar Project Wiki</ulink>
        contains further details about this feature. Feel free to add more information to the Wiki.
      </para>
    </sect2>


    <sect2 id="the-unix-file-system">
      <title>UNIX ファイルシステム</title>

      <para>ファイルマネージャー Thunar は、基本的なファイルシステムの抽象的な些事を何の問題も無くこなしますので、利用者はこれらを気にする必要はありません。とは言いながら、全体像を掴むために基本概念を理解しておくと後々役立つ場合があります。この章では、UNIX ファイルシステムの概念を手短に紹介します。これは、今日における Linux を含むあらゆる UNIX の派生 OS で用いられています。</para>

      <sect3 id="folders-and-paths">
        <title>フォルダとパス</title>

        <para>UNIX ファイルシステムでは、全てのファルダは一つの最上位フォルダから下へ向かって枝分かれしながら配置されていきます、逆さになった樹木の構造を想像してみて下さい。この最上位にあるフォルダは<emphasis>ルートディレクトリ</emphasis> (<emphasis>ディレクトリ</emphasis>という用語は<emphasis>フォルダ</emphasis>の代わりによく使われます) と呼ばれ、Thunar では<guilabel>ファイルシステム</guilabel>として表示されます。つまり、ある地点に到達するまでフォルダからフォルダへとこの木構造を登って行きます、その後に目標とする場所に着くまでサブフォルダを下って行くのです。</para>

        <para>この木構造でのファイルやフォルダの位置はその<emphasis>パス</emphasis>で記すことができます。このパスというのは、目標とするフォルダやファイルにたどり着くために通過していかなければいけないフォルダのリストで、最上部のフォルダから始まります。例えば、<filename role="directory">/home/luke</filename> は最上部フォルダのサブフォルダ <filename role="directory">home</filename> のサブフォルダ <filename role="directory">luke</filename> になります。<filename>/home/luke/myfile.txt</filename> はそのサブフォルダにある <filename>myfile.txt</filename> というファイルです。これらのパスの先頭にある <filename role="directory">/</filename> は最上部フォルダを表します。</para>

        <para>すべての利用者が個人用のファイルや設定を保管するための個別のフォルダを持ちます。このフォルダは<emphasis>ホームディレクトリ</emphasis>と呼ばれ、Thunar では利用者のログイン名と共に特別なアイコンで表示されます。Windows で知られる<guilabel>ﾏｲﾌｧｲﾙ</guilabel>と似ています。それぞれの利用者の<emphasis>ホームディレクトリ</emphasis>は通常 <filename role="directory">/home</filename> の下にあります。例として上げると、ログイン名 <filename role="directory">luke</filename> のホームディレクトリは <filename role="directory">/home/luke</filename> になり、<filename role="directory">/home/jane</filename> はログイン名が <filename role="directory">jane</filename> のホームディレクトリになります。</para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="file-types">
        <title>ファイルの種類</title>

        <para>もう御存知かもしれませんが、UNIX ではあらゆるものがファイルとして取り扱われます。UNIX システムを構成するほぼ全ての物体がそういう風に取り扱われると考えて差し支えありません。事実、各種装置や周辺機器も特殊ファイルとして表されます。一見意味の無いように思われるかもしれませんが、これは UNIX やその派生 OS の強味の一つです。UNIX はシンプルなコアを何年にもわたって保守するだけでよいのに対して、他のオペレーティングシステムは新しいテクノロジーが紹介される度に、新しい概念を導入しなければなりませんでした。</para>

        <para>UNIX ファイルシステムにおけるファイルの種類には、四つの重要なものがあります。</para>

        <sect4 id="file-types-ordinary-files">
          <title>普通のファイル</title>

          <para>普通のファイルは文字データを含んでいたり、プログラムまたは他のデータであったりします。ここには画像ファイル、オーディオファイル、オフィス文書および動画ファイルも入ります。<emphasis>ファイル</emphasis>という用語がこれら普通のファイルを指すのによく使用されます。</para>
        </sect4>

        <sect4 id="file-types-folder-files">
          <title>フォルダファイル</title>

          <para>UNIX ファイルシステムではフォルダもファイルです。正確に言えばフォルダは特殊ファイルになります、このフォルダ内にある全てのファイルを参照するためのファイル名のマップが含まれています。</para>
        </sect4>

        <sect4 id="file-types-symbolic-link-files">
          <title>シンボリックリンク・ファイル</title>

          <para>シンボリックリンク (よく<emphasis>リンク</emphasis>と呼ばれます) はファイルシステムで、他のファイルへのパスを含む特殊ファイルです。従ってシンボリックファイル自身は特に意味のある情報を持ちません、単に他のファイルを参照するだけです。</para>
        </sect4>

        <sect4 id="file-types-device-files">
          <title>デバイスファイル</title>

          <para>始めの方で述べたように (殆んどの) デバイスもファイルシステム経由でアクセスされます。これら特殊デバイスファイルは通常 <filename role="directory">/dev</filename> フォルダにあります。例えば、特殊ファイル <filename>/dev/hda</filename> は Linux 上での一番目の IDE ディスクを表します。</para>
        </sect4>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>


  <sect1 id="faq">
    <title>よく聞かれる質問</title>

    <para>この章では Thunar を使用するにあたって、かなりの頻度で尋ねられる質問に回答します。このページにない質問があるのでしたら、<ulink type="http" url="http://bugzilla.xfce.org/enter_bug.cgi?product=Thunar&amp;format=guided">要望</ulink>を出して下さるようお願いします。</para>

    <sect3 id="faq-executables">
      <title>実行可能になっているファイルを実行しないのは何故ですか？</title>

      <para>セキュリティ上の理由から、Thunar は種類が <literal>application/x-desktop</literal>, <literal>application/x-executable</literal> および <literal>application/x-shellscript</literal> のファイルのみを実行します。デスクトップファイルに対しては、種類が <literal>Application</literal> かつ適正な <literal>Exec</literal> 行が指定されているか、あるいは種類が <literal>Link</literal> かつ適正な <literal>URL</literal> が指定されている場合に限って実行機能が有効になります。その他に対しては、当該ファイルが現在の利用者にとって実行可能なようにマークされている場合に利用できます。</para>

      <para><literal>application/x-executable</literal> および <literal>application/x-shellscript</literal> に関しては次のことを覚えておいて下さい、この種類のファイルは実際にはこの種類に正確に一致する必要がありません、しかし、チェックされた種類に上記二つの種類に該当する親があるなら、あるいは MIME タイプが上にあるものの内の一つへの別名ならば、それで事足ります。</para>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="faq-metadata">
      <title>ファイルに関連付けられているメタデータは何処に保存されていますか？</title>

      <para>Thunar はファイルやフォルダに様々な設定事項を関連付けます。これらはメタデータと呼ばれ、全ファイルのメタデータは (メタファイルと呼ばれる) tdb データベース・ファイルに保管されます。このデータベース・ファイルは <filename>$XDG_CACHE_HOME/Thunar/metafile.tdb</filename> に保存されていて、<command>tdbtool</command> を使うことで変更できます。このツールは配布される Thunar パッケージの一部として、サブディレクトリ <filename role="directory">tdb/</filename> にあります。</para>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="faq-thunarrc">
      <title>Thunar の環境設定が保存されているのは何処ですか？</title>

      <para>Thunar は <filename>.ini</filename> ファイルに利用者が変更可能な環境設定 (および隠し設定) を保管します。このファイルは <filename>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/Thunar/thunarrc</filename> にあり、テキストエディターを使って色々な設定を実験してみることができます。各環境設定の概要は <filename>docs/README.thunarrc</filename> にあります。</para>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="faq-mouse-gestures">
      <title>Thunar でマウスジェスチャーを使うには？</title>

      <para>現在のところ、Thunar はアイコン表示で、いわゆる<emphasis>マウスジェスチャー</emphasis>と呼ばれるものを最低限サポートする機能が備わっています。マウスポインターがアイコン表示コンポーネントの背景となる場所 (アイコンや文字が無い所ならどこでも該当します) にある間は、マウスの中央ボタン (通常はマウスホイール) を押しっ放しにすることで、これら<emphasis>マウスジェスチャー</emphasis>の機能を使うことができます。これである決まった動作を実行するために、カーソルを四方に移動することができます。以下でこれらの動作を説明します。</para>

      <simplelist>
        <member><guilabel>左</guilabel> - 前のフォルダを開きます</member>
        <member><guilabel>上</guilabel> - 上位のフォルダを開きます</member>
        <member><guilabel>右</guilabel> - 次のフォルダを開きます</member>
        <member><guilabel>下</guilabel> - 現在のフォルダをリロードします</member>
      </simplelist>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="faq-assign-keyboard-shortcuts">
      <title>どのようにすれば異なるキーボードショートカットを割り当てられますか？</title>

      <para>Thunar は GTK+ 標準のショートカット変更のやり方をサポートしていますので、ショートカットを割り当て直したいのでしたら、マウスを該当するメニューの上まで持っていって、そこで割り当てたいキーボードショートカットを押して下さい。</para>

      <para>割り当てられているキーボードを削除するには、該当するメニュー項目上で<keycap>バックスペース</keycap>を押して下さい。</para>

      <para>ショートカットが変更されないのであれば、GTK+ でこの機能を有効にする必要があります。これには三つのやり方があります:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Xfce 4.3 かそれより新しいものを使っているのでしたら、<guilabel>インターフェイスの設定</guilabel>ダイアログで<guilabel>メニューのショートカットを変更可能にする</guilabel>を有効にして下さい。</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>GNOME を使用しているのでしたら、コントロール・センターの<guilabel>メニューとツールバー</guilabel>ダイアログで<guilabel>メニューのアクセラレータを編集可能にする</guilabel>を有効にして下さい。</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>それ以外であれば、ファイル <filename>~/.gtkrc-2.0</filename> (もし無ければ作成して下さい) に <screen>gtk-can-change-accels=1</screen> という一行を記述します。</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="faq-store-keyboard-shortcuts">
      <title>ショートカットは何処に保存されるのですか？</title>

      <para>個人で変更したキーボードショートカットは GTK+ 標準のアクセラレーター・マップ形式で保存され、<filename>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/Thunar/accels.scm</filename> に置かれます。<literal>;</literal> で始まる行はコメントです。このファイル形式についての詳細は GTK+ の文書を御覧下さい。</para>

      <para>あなたがパッケージ作成者かシステム管理者で、Thunar の標準ショートカットとは異なる、システム全体の標準キーボード・ショートカットを設定したいのでしたら、<envar>$XDG_CONFIG_DIRS</envar> のどれか一つに <filename>Thunar/accels.scm</filename> を作ることができます。例えば、<filename role="directory">/etc/xdg</filename> (大抵の Linux ディストリビューションの標準) が <envar>$XDG_CONFIG_DIRS</envar> の一つになっているとすると、<filename>/etc/xdg/Thunar/accels.scm</filename> にシステム全体に適用される標準を設定することができます。こうすることで、Thunar は初回起動時にこのファイルからショートカットを読み込むことになります。</para>
    </sect3>
  </sect1>


  <sect1 id="support">
    <title>サポート</title>

    <para>このアプリケーションあるいは説明書に関するバグを報告したり何か提案をするなら、<ulink url="http://bugzilla.xfce.org/enter_bug.cgi?product=Thunar&amp;format=guided">http://bugzilla.xfce.org/</ulink> にあるバグ追跡システムを御利用下さい。意味のあるバグ報告こそがバグを修正するのだという事を忘れないで下さい、ではどういったものが該当するかというと、二つの特質があります:</para>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para><emphasis role="bold">再現可能であること。</emphasis>開発者自身がバグの存在を確認することができない場合は、それを修正するのはほぼ不可能に近くなります。どんな細かいことでも役立ちますので、詳細を余さず伝えて下さい。</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para><emphasis role="bold">具体的であること。</emphasis>開発者が問題を特定の箇所により早く絞れる程、その修正措置を取りやすくなります。</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para>新機能の追加を要望する場合、何故それがアプリケーションにとって有意義だと考えるのか明らかにして下さるようお願いします。その機能について納得のいく議論を行えるのでしたら、追加される可能性は高くなります。要求する機能を実装したパッチを提供して下さるなら更に高くなりますが、事前にファイル <ulink url="http://svn.xfce.org/svn/xfce/terminal/trunk/HACKING">HACKING</ulink> を忘れずに読んで下さい。特に <emphasis>Coding Style</emphasis> と題されている箇所に目を通すようにして下さい。</para>

    <para>それ以外、利用方法やこのソフトウェアのインストールに関する質問があるのでしたら、<ulink type="http" url="http://foo-projects.org/mailman/listinfo/thunar-dev">thunar-dev メーリングリスト</ulink>で質問するか、IRC クライアントで <emphasis role="bold">irc.freenode.net</emphasis> のチャンネル <emphasis role="bold">#thunar</emphasis> に参加して手助けを求めてみて下さい。</para>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="copyright">
    <title>Thunar について</title>

    <para>Thunar は Benedikt Meurer (<email>benny@xfce.org</email>) が製作しました。より詳しい情報を得るには <ulink url="http://thunar.xfce.org/" type="http">Thunar のウェブサイト</ulink>を訪れて下さい。</para>

    <para>Benedikt Meurer (<email>benny@xfce.org</email>) がこの文書を製作しました。最新版は <ulink type="http" url="http://thunar.xfce.org/">Thunar のウェブサイト</ulink>にあります。</para>

    <para>このソフトウェアはフリーソフトウェア財団が公表する GNU 一般公衆利用許諾契約書の条件下に配布されています。第2版あるいは、あなたが選ぶそれ以降の版のいずれかが適用されます。</para>

    <para>このプログラムには、GNU 一般公衆利用許諾契約書のコピーが附属するはずですが、もし無いのであればフリーソフトウェア財団に連絡して下さい。59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.</para>
  </sect1>

</article>
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